Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhyzal Fungi in Improving Soybean Growth in Ultisol Soil

Mahmudin; Dora  Palupi; Helda Susianti; Limartaida Siahaan; Yus Dwi Yanti; Abi Barokah

doi:10.33292/areste.v5i1.75

Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhyzal Fungi in Improving Soybean Growth in Ultisol Soil

Mahmudin

Dora Palupi

Helda Susianti

Limartaida Siahaan

Yus Dwi Yanti

Abi Barokah

Keywords: Kedelai Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula Tanah Ultisol

Background: Soybean is one of the most popular agricultural commodities in Indonesia, but its production is still low. Thus, it is necessary to make efforts to expand its agriculture in the form of marginal land development.
Aims: This study aims to examine the effect and obtain the best treatment dose of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in ultisol soil to increase the growth of soybean plants (Glycine max (L.) Merill).
Methods: This experimental study employed a complete randomized design (CRD) with the treatment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The AMF treatment comprised five levels: no AMF, 4 g/polibag, 8 g/polibag, 12 g/polibag and 16 g/polibag. Each treatment was repeated four times, resulting in 20 experimental units and each experimental unit comprised three polybags so that this study used 60 polybags. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and continued with Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at the 5% level.
Result: AMF treatment is able to increase the growth of soybean plants in the parameters of plant height, number of productive branches, flowering age, number of flowers, and harvest age. The AMF treatment dose of 12 g/polybag is proven to give the best results in increasing the growth of soybean plants. The use of AMF can be an effective strategy in optimizing soybean production, especially on marginal lands.

Arisma, A., Pusvita, D., & Soleha, S. (2024). The role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in increasing the availability of nutrients for horticultural plants. Proceedings of the National Seminar on Biology, 4(1), 390–400.

Arman, M. W., Harahap, D. A., & Hasibuan, R. (2020). Effect of rice husk ash and rice straw compost on the chemical properties of ultisol soil in sweet corn plants. Journal of Soil and Land Resources, 7(2), 315–320.

Statistics Indonesia. (2022). Analysis of Indonesia’s maize and soybean productivity 2021. https://www.bps.go.id (accessed October 20, 2023).

Bryant, J. A., & Bever, J. D. (2024). Mycorrhizal dependence increases with plant successional status and varies with phosphorus and moisture availability. Journal of Ecology, 112(2), 280–292.

Cinta, S. T., Rahayu, N., & Zulfahmi. (2022). Response of N, P, K, and liquid organic fertilizers to the growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max). Agrium: Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 29(2), 114–121.

Damayanti, N., Sari, R., & Putra, A. (2023). Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) types and doses of NPK fertilizers on the growth of oil palm seedlings (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) in ultisol soil. Lampung State Polytechnic Agriculture Journal, 12(1), 45–54.

Directorate General of Food Crops. (2024). Performance report 2023. Directorate General of Food Crops, Ministry of Agriculture. Jakarta. p. 160, 235.

Eliyani, S., Putri, A. D., & Santoso, B. (2022). Effectiveness of mycorrhizal biofertilizers on the growth and yield of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Journal of Agroecotechnology of Humid Tropics, 10(2), 123–132.

Erviana, N., Palupi, E. R., & Widiastuti, T. (2024). Effect of phosphate and boron fertilizers on flowering time, number of pods, number of pods per plant, and number of seeds per pod in soybean plants (Glycine max L. Merril). Journal of Tropical Agronomy, 12(1), 45–53.

Hati, D. P. (2023). Characteristics and management of ultisol soils derived from clay rocks. Journal of Tropical Soils, 8(2), 1–7.

Islam, M. T., Rahman, M. M., Ferdous, J., Hossain, M. A., & Hasan, M. T. (2023). Phosphorus fertilization improves growth and morpho-physiological adaptation of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.). Plant and Soil, 489, 123–135.

Lubis, J. A., Fikrinda, F. & Hifnalisa, H. (2022). Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and manure on nutrient uptake of green beans (Phaseolus radiatus L.) on ultisol. Scientific Journal of Agricultural Students, 6(2), 118–124.

Mane, V. S. (2020). Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus application on growth, flowering, and seed yield of African marigold (Tagetes erecta). Indonesian Journal of Agronomy, 48(2), 101–110.

Mulyana, A., Prasetyo, L. B., & Santoso, P. (2022). Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and biochar combination on growth and yield of soybean in saline soil. Indonesian Journal of Agronomy. 50(1), 45–54.

Pinayungan, R., Hayati, M., & Syafruddin, S. (2021). Effect of dosage of mycorrhizal biofertilizer on growth and yield of several tomato varieties (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.). Scientific Journal of Agricultural Students, 6(4), 819–828.

Pulukadang, N., Nurmi, & Fauzan, Z. (2023). Growth and production of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril) using organic fertilizer on different tillage. Journal of Tropical Agricultural Land, 2(1), 57–62.

Rahman, M. A., Hasanuzzaman, M., Rahman, M. M., & Fujita, M. (2025). Effects of potassium and biochar application on morphological, physiological, and biochemical attributes of maize (Zea mays) under drought stress. BMC Plant Biology, 25(1), 45.

Rajmi, S. L., Margaretha, M., & Refliati, R. (2020). Increasing P availability of ultisol soil by applying arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Journal of Agroecotania, 1(2), 63–69.

Rifki, G. Y., Ilyas, I., & Khalil, M. (2022). Effects of coconut shell biochar application on ultisol chemical properties and corn (Zea mays) growth. Journal of Soil Science, 45(3), 123–130.

Sidhu, N. S., & Lynch, J. P. (2024). Arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization alters root cortical cell wall properties: Implications for plant stress tolerance. Plant and Soil, 493(1–2), 145–162.

Sudirman, W.M., Prihantoro, I., & Permana, A. T. (2023). Optimization of inoculation time and AMF level in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) plants. IPB University.

Xiao, Y., Wang, Q., Zhang, J., Liu, L., & Li, H. (2023). Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation on growth, water status, and nutrient uptake of Cinnamomum migao under drought stress and recovery. Fungi. 9(3), 321.

Yunedi, Y., & Perdana, F. (2023). The effect of mycorrhizal biofertilizer and biochar on the growth and yield of soybean plants in ultisol soil. Journal of Agrotechnology, 11(2), 142–150.

Zhang, Y., Zhou, Y., Tang, M., & Chen, H. (2023). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improve growth, water status, and nutrient uptake of Cinnamomum migao under drought stress and recovery conditions. BMC Plant Biology, 23, Article 123.